Science, Technology & Innovation quotes for UPSC & State PCS
203 sourced quotes on science, technology, curiosity and innovation, each with a use case for GS4, Essay and interviews. Thinkers include Carl Sagan, Albert Einstein, Yuval Noah Harari, Stephen Hawking, Bertrand Russell, Francis Bacon.
✓ Sourced and attributed · 34 for GS4 · 187 for Essay
Science is the belief in the ignorance of experts.
— Richard Feynmanaddress "What is Science?", presented at the fifteenth annual meeting of the National Science Teachers Association, in New York City (1966),
Use itEssay on scientific method; science questions authority, even of experts.
If I have seen further it is by standing on ye sholders of Giants.
— Isaac NewtonLetter to Robert Hooke (15 February 1676) [dated as 5 February 1675 using the Julian calendar with March 25th rather than January 1st as New
Use itEssay on innovation; progress builds on predecessors' work—cumulative knowledge.
The whole of science is nothing more than a refinement of every day [sic] thinking.
— Albert Einstein"Physics and Reality" (as translated by Jean Piccard) in the Journal of the Franklin Institute Vol. 221, Issue 3 (March 1936), at p. 349
Use itEssay on scientific temper (Article 51A); science is refined everyday thinking.
Talent hits a target no one else can hit; genius hits a target no one else can see.
— Arthur SchopenhauerDas Talent gleicht dem Schützen, der ein Ziel trifft, welches die Uebrigen nicht erreichen können; das Genie dem, der eines trifft, bis zu w
Use itEssay on innovation; genius sees what others cannot.
Perfection of means and confusion of goals seem—in my opinion—to characterize our age.
— Albert Einstein"The Common Language of Science", a broadcast for Science, Conference, London, 28 September 1941. Published in Advancement of Science, Londo
Use itEssay on technology and purpose; advanced means, confused ends.
If AI can suffer, then it is an ethical subject and it needs protection, it needs rights, just like humans and animals.
— Yuval Noah Harari"#390 - Yuval Noah Harari: Human Nature, Intelligence, Power, and Conspiracies" on Lex Fridman Podcast, found on DeepCast (17 July 2023)
Use itGS4/GS3 on AI ethics; if AI can suffer it needs rights.
What a computer is to me is it's the most remarkable tool that we have ever come up with. It's the equivalent of a bicycle for our minds.
— Steve JobsMemory and Imagination: New Pathways to the Library of Congress (1991); this has sometimes been paraphrased "Computers are like a bicycle fo
Use itEssay on technology empowering humans; computers as tools amplifying human capacity.
We are just an advanced breed of monkeys on a minor planet of a very average star. But we can understand the Universe. That makes us something very special.
Inventors and geniuses have almost always been looked on as no better than fools at the beginning of their career, and very frequently at the end of it also.
The idea of science as a method rather than as a body of knowledge is not widely appreciated outside of science, or indeed in some corridors inside of science.
— Carl SaganChapter 7, “Venus and Dr. Velikovsky” (p. 96)
Use itEssay on scientific temper: science is a way of thinking, not just a set of facts.
Any intelligent fool can make things bigger, more complex, and more violent. It takes a touch of genius—and a lot of courage to move in the opposite direction.
— E. F. Schumacher"Small is Beautiful", an essay, in The Radical Humanist, Vol. 37, No. 5 (August 1973), p. 22
Use itEssay on appropriate technology and simplicity; making things smaller and gentler takes genius.
I am enough of an artist to draw freely upon my imagination. Imagination is more important than knowledge. Knowledge is limited. Imagination encircles the world.
One thing I have learned in a long life: that all our science, measured against reality, is primitive and childlike—and yet it is the most precious thing we have.
— Albert EinsteinLetter to Hans Muehsam (9 July 1951), Einstein Archives 38-408, quoted in The Ultimate Quotable Einstein (2010) by Alice Calaprice, p. 404
Use itEssay on science; humble about its limits yet valuing it supremely.
Arts and sciences are not cast in a mould, but are formed and perfected by degrees, by often handling and polishing, as bears leisurely lick their cubs into form.
The whole of science... is a self-correcting mechanism. ...[S]cientific journals publish ...corrections to previous publications.., to past mistakes or past lacuna.
We are set irrevocably, I believe, on a path that will take us to the stars—unless in some monstrous capitulation to stupidity and greed, we destroy ourselves first.
— Carl SaganChapter 25, “The Amniotic Universe” (p. 368)
Use itEssay conclusion on technology and human future; greed and folly are the only barriers.
It would be an unsound fancy and self-contradictory to expect that things which have never yet been done can be done except by means which have never yet been tried.
Those who fall in love with practice without science are like a sailor who enters a ship without a helm or a compass, and who never can be certain whither he is going.
— Leonardo da VinciThe Notebooks of Leonardo da Vinci (1883) / XIX Philosophical Maxims. Morals. Polemics and Speculations
Use itGS3/Essay: practice without theory is directionless; argue for research-backed policy and innovation.
The means by which we live have outdistanced the ends for which we live. Our scientific power has outrun our spiritual power. We have guided missiles and misguided man.
The difficulty lies, not in the new ideas, but in escaping from the old ones, which ramify, for those brought up as most of us have been, into every corner of our minds.
Look at the resplendent colours on the soap bubbles! Why is the sea blue? What makes diamond glitter! Ask the right questions, and nature will open the doors to her secrets
The Scientific Revolution... has been above all a revolution of ignorance. The great discovery... was... that humans do not know the answers to their most important questions.
— Yuval Noah HarariSapiens: A Brief History of Humankind (2011) / Chapter 14: "The Discovery of Ignorance"
Use itEssay on science: acknowledging ignorance drove the Scientific Revolution.
Bad times have a scientific value. [...] We learn geology the morning after the earthquake, on ghastly diagrams of cloven mountains, upheaved plains, and the dry bed of the sea.
But by far the greatest obstacle to the progress of science and to the undertaking of new tasks and provinces therein is found in this — that men despair and think things impossible.
A tool is not necessarily better because it is bigger. A tool is best if it does the job required with a minimum of effort, with a minimum of complexity, and with a minimum of power.
When sputnik and Apollo 11 fired the imagination... everyone began predicting that by the end of the century, people will be living... on Mars and Pluto. ...[N]obody foresaw the Internet.
— Yuval Noah HarariSapiens: A Brief History of Humankind (2011) / Chapter 20: "The end of Homo Sapiens"
Use itEssay on technology forecasting; the biggest change (Internet) was unforeseen.
But, suppose, besides, that the making of the new machinery affords employment to a greater number of mechanics, can that be called compensation to the carpet makers, thrown on the streets?
You can hardly convince a man of an error in a lifetime, but must content yourself with the reflection that the progress of science is slow. If he is not convinced, his grandchildren may be.
— Henry David ThoreauA Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers (1849) / Sunday
Use itEssay on scientific temper; changing entrenched beliefs takes generations.
On the retail side, I particularly want to emphasize the use of the unique ID, Aadhaar, in building individual credit histories. This will be the foundation of a revolution in retail credit.
— Raghuram RajanOn Aadhaar, as quoted in "Raghuram Rajan's first speech as RBI governor", Firstpost (5 September 2013)
Use itGS3 on digital public infrastructure; Aadhaar enabling credit histories and financial inclusion.
Genius discovers a system; average talent stereotypes it till it is shattered by fresh genius. It is dangerous for an army to be led by veterans; for on the other side God may place Napoleon.
— Sri AurobindoThoughts and Aphorisms (1913) / Jnana
Use itEssay on innovation: genius creates systems; mediocrity ossifies them till disrupted.
Our inventions are wont to be pretty toys, which distract our attention from serious things. They are but improved means to an unimproved end, an end which it was already but too easy to arrive at.
Adults are only less superstitious than children in proportion as they have more power over their environment. In predicaments where everyone is powerless (eg war, gambling) everyone is superstitious
Money does not represent such a value as men have placed upon it. All my money has been invested into experiments with which I have made new discoveries enabling mankind to have a little easier life.
— Nikola TeslaAs quoted in Dragislav L. Petković, "A Visit to Nikola Tesla", Politika (April 1927); also in Margaret Cheney, Robert Uth, and Jim Glenn, Te
Use itEssay on innovation: money matters less than discoveries that ease human life.
And no matter how serious an environmental problem the automobile poses in today's big city, the horse was dirtier, smelled worse, killed and maimed more people, and congested the streets just as much.
I think computer viruses should count as life … I think it says something about human nature that the only form of life we have created so far is purely destructive. We've created life in our own image.
— Stephen HawkingSpeech at Macworld Expo in Boston, as quoted in The Daily News (4 August 1994). A nearly identical quote can be found at the end of the seco
Use itGS3 cybersecurity: humanity's first created life form, viruses, is destructive.
The search for patterns without critical analysis, and rigid skepticism without a search for patterns, are the antipodes of incomplete science. The effective pursuit of knowledge requires both functions.
— Carl SaganChapter 7, “Lovers and Madmen” (p. 192)
Use itEssay on scientific method; balance open-minded pattern-seeking with rigorous scepticism.
We live in a society absolutely dependent on science and technology and yet have cleverly arranged things so that almost no one understands science and technology. That's a clear prescription for disaster.
— Carl SaganBringing Science Down to Earth (1994), co-authored with Anne Kalosh, in Hemispheres (October 1994), p. 99; this is similar to statements eit
Use itGS3 on scientific literacy; a tech-dependent society that doesn't understand science invites disaster.
Time after time, history ran over the luddites and romanticists, those who sought to restore the old and delay the new. And every time, history did it with faster, more reliable and more advanced vehicles.
Now we are dealing with potentially superintelligent agents. Nobody has any experience with building a hybrid human AI society. We should be a lot more humble... We think we know how to build it! No we don't!
People think it's this veneer — that the designers are handed this box and told, 'Make it look good!' That's not what we think design is. It's not just what it looks like and feels like. Design is how it works.
— Steve JobsAs quoted in The Guts of a New Machine (30 November 2003)
Use itGS3 on design thinking in public services: function matters more than appearance.
Science is international but its success is based on institutions, which are owned by nations. If therefore, we wish to promote culture we have to combine and to organize institutions with our own power and means.
— Albert EinsteinWhen asked the question, "Why a 'Jewish' University?" when Einstein was assisting Chaim Weizmann in fundraising for The Hebrew University of
Use itGS3 on R&D; science is universal but needs strong national institutions and funding.
I do not feel obliged to believe that the same God who has endowed us with senses, reason, and intellect has intended us to forgo their use and by some other means to give us knowledge which we can attain by them.
— Galileo GalileiLetter to the Grand Duchess Christina (1615)
Use itEssay on faith and reason: humans are meant to use reason and senses; scientific temper.
How many times it thundered before Franklin took the hint! How many apples fell on Newton's head before he took the hint! Nature is always hinting at us. It hints over and over again. And suddenly we take the hint.
— Robert FrostQuoted in Louis Untermeyer, Lives of the Poets: The Story of One Thousand Years of English and American Poetry (1959)
Use itEssay on discovery: nature keeps hinting until an observant mind takes the hint.
It is true that may hold in these things, which is the general root of superstition; namely, that men observe when things hit, and not when they miss; and commit to memory the one, and forget and pass over the other.
The world has changed far more in the past 100 years than in any other century in history. The reason is not political or economic but technological — technologies that flowed directly from advances in basic science.
— Stephen HawkingFrom Hawking's article A Brief History of Relativity, in Time magazine (31 December 1999)
Use itEssay: technology from basic science, not politics, drove the last century's change.
First, you know, a new theory is attacked as absurd; then it is admitted to be true, but obvious and insignificant; finally it is seen to be so important that its adversaries claim that they themselves discovered it.
— William JamesLecture VI, Pragmatism's Conception of Truth
Use itEssay on innovation; new ideas pass from ridicule to acceptance to claimed ownership.
He who first shortened the labor of copyists by device of movable types was disbanding hired armies, and cashiering most kings and senates, and creating a whole new democratic world: he had invented the art of printing.
Scientists... are not always aware of the political, economic and religious interests that control... money; many... act out of purely intellectual curiosity. ...[O]nly rarely do scientists dictate the scientific agenda.
— Yuval Noah HarariSapiens: A Brief History of Humankind (2011) / Chapter 14: "The Discovery of Ignorance"
Use itGS3: funders, not scientists, set the research agenda; politics of R&D.
Information is the oxygen of the modern age. It seeps through the walls topped by barbed wire, it wafts across the electrified borders. ... The Goliath of totalitarianism will be brought down by the David of the microchip.
— Ronald ReaganAs quoted in The Guardian [London] (14 June 1989)
Use itEssay on information revolution: technology undermining authoritarian control.
I agree, our trade should be fair and not just free. But the next wave of economic dislocations won't come from overseas. It will come from the relentless pace of automation that makes a lot of good, middle-class jobs obsolete.
There is no strife, no prejudice, no national conflict in outer space as yet. Its hazards are hostile to us all. Its conquest deserves the best of all mankind, and its opportunity for peaceful cooperation many never come again.
Success in science and scientific work come not through the provision of unlimited or big resources, but in the wise and careful selection of problems and objectives. Above all, what is required is hard sustained work and dedication.
The scientists from Franklin to Morse were clear thinkers and did not produce erroneous theories. The scientists of today think deeply instead of clearly. One must be sane to think clearly, but one can think deeply and be quite insane.
— Nikola Tesla"Radio Power Will Revolutionize the World" in Modern Mechanics and Inventions (July 1934)
Use itEssay: clear thinking over deep but confused thinking.
The artist may be well advised to keep his work to himself till it is completed, because no one can readily help him or advise him with it...but the scientist is wiser not to withhold a single finding or a single conjecture from publicity.
Innovation has nothing to do with how many R&D dollars you have. When Apple came up with the Mac, IBM was spending at least 100 times more on R&D. It's not about money. It's about the people you have, how you're led, and how much you get it.
— Steve JobsAs quoted in Fortune (9 November 1998); also quoted in "TIME digital 50" in TIME digital archive (1999)
Use itGS3 on R&D: innovation depends on people and leadership, not just spending.
If a superior alien civilisation sent us a text message saying, 'We'll arrive in a few decades', would we just reply, 'OK, call us when you get here, we'll leave the lights on'? Probably not, but this is more or less what has happened with AI.
— Stephen HawkingCh. 9 "Will artificial intelligence outsmart us?", pp. 188
Use itGS3 on AI governance: argue complacency toward AI risk is like ignoring a known arrival.
I wonder why some people tend to see science as something which takes man away from God. As I look at it, the path of science can always wind through the heart. For me, science has always been the path to spiritual enrichment and self-realisation.
What counts is not what sounds plausible, not what we would like to believe, not what one or two witnesses claim, but only what is supported by hard evidence rigorously and skeptically examined. Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence.
I believe that the advance of science depends upon the free competition of thought, and thus upon freedom, and that it must come to an end if freedom is destroyed (though it may well continue for some time in some fields, especially in technology).
— Karl PopperCh. 10 "Corroboration, or How a Theory Stands up to Tests", section 85: The Path of Science, p. 279, note 2
Use itEssay: science thrives on free competition of ideas.
This is an age that has produced floods of how-to-do-it books, and it is also an age of how-to-do-it science. It is, in other words, the age of technology, in which if we know how to do something, we do it without pausing to inquire whether we should.
— Rachel CarsonSpeech at Scripps College (June 1962)
Use itEssay on tech ethics (AI, gene editing): ask whether we should, not just whether we can.
Systems thinking is a framework for seeing interrelationships rather than things, for seeing patterns rather than static snapshots. It is a set of general principles spanning fields as diverse as physical and social sciences, engineering and management
Science contributes moral as well as material blessings to the world. Its great moral contribution is objectivity, or the scientific point of view. This means doubting everything except facts; it means hewing to the facts, let the chips fall where they may.
Intelligence is definitely not something that is directed towards amplifying happiness. I would also emphasize the huge, huge difference between intelligence and consciousness, which many people, certainly in the tech industry and in the AI industry, tend to miss.
— Yuval Noah Harari"#390 - Yuval Noah Harari: Human Nature, Intelligence, Power, and Conspiracies" on Lex Fridman Podcast, found on DeepCast (17 July 2023)
Use itEssay on AI: intelligence differs from consciousness and doesn't ensure happiness.
The insight does not arise if we are not familiar with the facts of the case... The successful practice of intuition requires previous study and assimilation of a multitude of facts and laws. We may take it that great intuitions arise out of a matrix of rationality.
Our national goals involve leap-frogging from a state of economic backwardness and social disabilities attempting to achieve in a few decades a change which has incidentally taken centuries in other countries and in other lands. This involves innovative at all levels.
— Vikram SarabhaiIn the post-Nehru era with his vision on “Television and Development” quoted in page xxv
Use itGS3/Essay: on leapfrogging development; innovation as India's shortcut past centuries-long industrialisation.
It is in the admission of ignorance and the admission of uncertainty that there is a hope for the continuous motion of human beings in some direction that doesn't get confined, permanently blocked, as it has so many times before in various periods in the history of man.
The most essential characteristic of scientific technique is that it proceeds from experiment, not from tradition. The experimental habit of mind is a difficult one for most people to maintain; indeed, the science of one generation has already become the tradition of the next...
Our aim as scientists is objective truth; more truth, more interesting truth, more intelligible truth. We cannot reasonably aim at certainty. Once we realize that human knowledge is fallible, we realize also that we can never be completely certain that we have not made a mistake.
In the welter of conflicting fanaticisms, one of the few unifying forces is scientific truthfulness, by which I mean the habit of basing our beliefs upon observations and inferences as impersonal, and as much divested of local and temperamental bias, as is possible for human beings.
— Bertrand RussellChapter XXXI "The Philosophy of Logical Analysis"
Use itEssay on polarisation: scientific truthfulness, free of bias, unites amid fanaticism.
The development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race. We cannot quite know what will happen if a machine exceeds our own intelligence, so we can't know if we'll be infinitely helped by it, or ignored by it and sidelined, or conceivably destroyed by it.
As human soldiers and workers give way to algorithms, at least some elites may conclude that there is no point in providing improved or even standard levels of health for masses of useless poor people, and it is far more sensible to focus on upgrading a handful of superhumans beyond the norm.
Writing is born as the maidservant of human consciousness, but is increasingly becoming its master. Our computers have trouble understanding how Homo sapiens talks, feels and dreams. So we are teaching Homo sapiens to talk, feel and dream in the language of numbers, which can be understood by computers.
— Yuval Noah HarariSapiens: A Brief History of Humankind (2011) / Chapter 7: "Memory Overloaded"
Use itEssay on datafication; humans adapting to machines rather than vice versa.
The mind is sharper and keener in seclusion and uninterrupted solitude. No big laboratory is needed in which to think. Originality thrives in seclusion free of outside influences beating upon us to cripple the creative mind. Be alone, that is the secret of invention; be alone, that is when ideas are born.
— Nikola Tesla"An Inventor's Seasoned Ideas", The New York Times (8 April 1934)
Use itEssay on creativity: solitude fosters originality and invention.
One of the wonderful things about the information highway is that virtual equity is far easier to achieve than real-world equity...We are all created equal in the virtual world and we can use this equality to help address some of the sociological problems that society has yet to solve in the physical world,
The most important, the most fundamental and the deepest investigations are those that affect human life and activities most profoundly. Only those scientists who have laboured, not with the aim of producing this or that, but with the sole desire to advance knowledge ultimately prove to be the greatest benefactors of humanity.
The construction of hypotheses is a creative act of inspiration, intuition, invention; its essence is the vision of something new in familiar material. The process must be discussed in psychological, not logical, categories; studied in autobiographies and biographies, not treatises on scientific method; and promoted by maxim and example, not syllogism or theorem.
— Milton Friedman"The Methodology of Positive Economics" (1953)
Use itEssay on innovation: hypotheses are creative acts of inspiration, not just logic.
What I cannot create, I do not understand. ...Know how to solve every problem that has been solved.
— Richard Feynmanon his blackboard at the time of death in February 1988. Ref: California Institute of Technology Archives and Special Collections. Accessed
Use itLife/Essay on deep learning: true understanding means being able to build it yourself.
I know not with what weapons World War III will be fought, but World War IV will be fought with sticks and stones.
— Albert EinsteinInterview with Alfred Werner, Liberal Judaism 16 (April-May 1949), Einstein Archive 30-1104, as sourced in The New Quotable Einstein by Alic
Use itEssay conclusion on nuclear war; another world war could destroy civilisation.
Physiological experiment on animals is justifiable for real investigation; but not for mere damnable and detestable curiosity.
— Charles Darwinletter to E. Ray Lankester, quoted in his essay "Charles Robert Darwin" in C.D. Warner, editor, Library of the World's Best Literature: Anci
Use itGS4 case study on animal testing; justified only for genuine research, never mere curiosity.
If there is anything in the world that can really be called a man’s property, it is surely that which is the result of his mental activity.
— Arthur SchopenhauerUnverified attribution noted in Respectfully Quoted: A Dictionary of Quotations (1993), ed. Suzy Platt, Library of Congress, p. 227
Use itGS3 on intellectual property rights; mental creations as one's truest property.
The greatest service which can be rendered any country is to add an useful plant to its culture; especially, a bread grain; next in value to bread is oil.
— Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson, In Memoir, Correspondence, and Miscellanies from the Papers of T. Jefferson (1829), Vol. 1, 144
Use itGS3 on agri-research: adding a useful crop is the greatest service to a nation.
So next time someone complains that you have made a mistake, tell him that may be a good thing. Because without imperfection, neither you nor I would exist.
— Stephen HawkingInto The Universe with Stephen Hawking (2010)
Use itLife: mistakes and imperfection are part of existence and growth.
Here, then, is the problem which we present to you, stark and dreadful and inescapable: Shall we put an end to the human race; or shall mankind renounce war?
The suppression of uncomfortable ideas may be common in religion and politics, but it is not the path to knowledge; it has no place in the endeavor of science.
Every kid starts out as a natural-born scientist, and then we beat it out of them. A few trickle through the system with their wonder and enthusiasm for science intact.
Whenever a theory appears to you as the only possible one, take this as a sign that you have neither understood the theory nor the problem which it was intended to solve.
— Karl PopperObjective Knowledge: An Evolutionary Approach (1972)
Use itInterview: beware certainty; one 'only possible' answer signals poor understanding.
All exact science is dominated by the idea of approximation. When a man tells you that he knows the exact truth about anything, you are safe in inferring that he is an inexact man.
— Bertrand RussellThe Scientific Outlook (1931), Part I, chapter II, "Characteristics of the Scientific Method"
Use itEssay on certainty: claims of exact truth signal an inexact person.
What we must learn to do is to create unbreakable bonds between the sciences and the humanities. We cannot procrastinate. The world of the future is in our making. Tomorrow is now.
If an ant seeks the rank of Solomon, don't smile contemptuously upon its quest. Everything you possess of skill, and wealth and handicraft, wasn't it first merely a thought and a quest?
When it comes to climate change, I know innovation isn’t the only thing we need. But we cannot keep the earth livable without it. Techno-fixes are not sufficient, but they are necessary.
— Bill GatesFrom "Introduction: 51 Billion to Zero," page 14
Use itGS3 on climate action: techno-fixes are not sufficient, but necessary.
I have deeply regretted that I did not proceed far enough at least to understand something of the great leading principles of mathematics, for men thus endowed seem to have an extra sense.
— Charles Darwinvolume I, chapter II: "Autobiography", page 46
Use itEssay on foundational learning; mathematical understanding gives an extra way of seeing.
When one has weighed the sun in the balance, and measured the steps of the moon, and mapped out the seven heavens, there still remains oneself. Who can calculate the orbit of his own soul?
In the judgment of the most competent living mathematicians, Fräulein Noether was the most significant creative mathematical genius thus far produced since the higher education of women began.
The most important thing I found out from [my father] is that if you asked any question and pursued it deeply enough, then at the end there was a glorious discovery of a general and beautiful kind.
I made one great mistake in my life—when I signed the letter to President Roosevelt recommending that atom bombs be made; but there was some justification—the danger that the Germans would make them.
— Albert EinsteinRecorded by Linus Pauling, "Note to Self regarding a meeting with Albert Einstein. November 16, 1954"
Use itGS4 on ethics of scientists; regret over enabling nuclear weapons.
I believe that a scientist looking at nonscientific problems is just as dumb as the next guy — and when he talks about a nonscientific matter, he will sound as naive as anyone untrained in the matter.
If thou wouldst have humanity advance, buffet all preconceived ideas. Thought thus smitten awakes and becomes creative. Otherwise it rests in a mechanical repetition and mistakes that for its right activity.
As long as weapons of mass destruction exist, primarily nuclear weapons, the danger is colossal. All nations should declare... that nuclear weapons must be destroyed. This is to save ourselves and our planet.
— Mikhail GorbachevQuoted in https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-europe-50265870/mikhail-gorbachev-tells-the-bbc-world-in-colossal-danger Mikhail Gorbachev tells
Use itGS2/3: case for nuclear disarmament and WMD elimination.
Education, for most people, means trying to lead the child to resemble the typical adult of his society... But for me, education means making creators... You have to make inventors, innovators, not conformists.
— Jean PiagetConversations with Jean Piaget (1980) by Jean Claude Bringuier
Use itEssay/GS2 on NEP: education should create innovators, not conformists.
Freedom is the right to question and change the established way of doing things. It is the continuous revolution of the marketplace. It is the understanding that allows to recognize shortcomings and seek solutions.
— Ronald ReaganMoscow State University (31 May 1988)
Use itEssay on freedom and innovation: liberty as the right to question established ways.
In our reasonings concerning matter of fact, there are all imaginable degrees of assurance, from the highest certainty to the lowest species of moral evidence. A wise man, therefore, proportions his belief to the evidence.
Human knowledge and human power meet in one; for where the cause is not known the effect cannot be produced. Nature to be commanded must be obeyed; and that which in contemplation is as the cause is in operation as the rule.
The accident at Chernobyl showed again what an abyss will open if nuclear war befalls mankind. For inherent in the nuclear arsenals stockpiled are thousands upon thousands of disasters far more horrible than the Chernobyl one.
Democracy is a conversation. ...Imagine a large group of people... and... a group of robots... start talking... loudly.., emotionally and persuasively, and you can't tell who is a human... That is... what we are now living through.
Usually, if you see the environment destroyed, it’s not because that's necessary for development. It's usually because we're being lazy, and we're not being as creative as we could be about how to do it in a smarter, sustainable way.
— Barack ObamaRemarks by President Obama at YSEALI Town Hall (7 September 2016)
Use itEssay on development vs environment: destruction stems from laziness, not necessity.
His vision was to industrialize India, to urbanize India, and in the process he hoped that we would create a new society -- more rational, more humane, less ridden by caste and religious sentiments. That was the grand vision that Nehru had.
— Manmohan SinghOn Jawaharlal Nehru, as quoted in "Commanding Heights: Manmohan Singh", PBS (6 February 2001)
Use itGS1 on Nehruvian vision; industrialisation to build a rational, less caste-ridden society.
The three great things that govern mankind are reason, passion and superstition. The first governs a few, the two last share the bulk of mankind and possess them in their turns. But superstition most powerfully produces the greatest mischief.
— John LockeJournal entry (16 May 1681), quoted in Maurice Cranston, John Locke: A Biography (1957; 1985), p. 200
Use itEssay on scientific temper; superstition causes the greatest mischief.
Part of what happened is that whole ecosystem moved onto social media. And once it's on social media and it's on an algorithm, and everybody's just getting their news selected, essentially to suit their biases. Penetrating that is real tough. It is very hard.
— Barack Obama"3 Presidents" on SmartLess, found on DeepCast (29 April 2024)
Use itGS3 on social media: algorithms feed news to suit biases, creating echo chambers.
Service of the people by sciences and arts will only exist when men live with the people and as the people live, and without presenting any claims will offer their scientific and artistic services, which the people will be free to accept or decline as they please.
I know it's hard to understand, but sometimes painful things like this happen. It's all of the process of exploration and discovery. It's all part of taking a chance and expanding man's horizons. The future doesn't belong to the faint-hearted. It belongs to the brave.
— Ronald ReaganAs quoted in Who was Ronald Reagan? (2004), by Joyce Milton, p. 85
Use itEssay on risk and exploration; setbacks in space missions are part of progress.
I wish to propose for the reader's favourable consideration a doctrine which may, I fear, appear wildly paradoxical and subversive. The doctrine in question is this: that it is undesirable to believe a proposition when there is no ground whatever for supposing it true.
If we are willing to make such efforts in order to understand foreign cultures, unknown species and distant planets, it might be worth working just as hard in order to understand our own minds. And we had better understand our minds before the algorithms make our minds up for us.
The Hindu religion is the only one of the world’s great faiths dedicated to the idea that the cosmos itself undergoes an immense and indeed an infinite number of deaths and rebirths. It is the only religion in which the time scales correspond […] to those of modern scientific cosmology.
— Carl SaganSagan, Carl. Cosmos. New York: Random House, 1980. quoted in : Bhaskar Kamble, The Imperishable Seed: How Hindu Mathematics Changed the Worl
Use itGS1/Interview on Indian knowledge systems; Hindu cosmic time scales resemble modern cosmology.
The truth is that disposal has proceeded far more rapidly than our knowledge justifies. To dispose first and investigate later is an invitation to disaster, for once radioactive elements have been deposited at sea they are irretrievable. The mistakes that are made now are made for all time.
A spider conducts operations that resemble those of a weaver, and a bee puts to shame many an architect in the construction of her cells. But what distinguishes the worst of architects from the best of bees is this, that the architect raises his structure in imagination before he erects it in reality.
We cannot say much about human affairs with any confidence, but sometimes it is possible. We can, for example, be fairly confident that either there will be a world without war, or there won't be a world—at least, a world inhabited by creatures other than bacteria and beetles, with some scattering of others.
— Noam ChomskyTalk titled "A World Without War" at the 2nd World Social Forum, in Porto Alegre, Brazil, January 31, 2002
Use itEssay on nuclear age: either a world without war or no world.
In the days before machinery men and women who wanted to amuse themselves were compelled, in their humble way, to be artists. Now they sit still and permit professionals to entertain them by the aid of machinery. It is difficult to believe that general artistic culture can flourish in this atmosphere of passivity.
I wonder whether any other generation has seen such astounding revolutions of data and values as those through which we have lived. Scarcely anything material or established which I was brought up to believe was permanent and vital, has lasted. Everything I was sure or taught to be sure was impossible, has happened.
If science proves some belief of Buddhism wrong, then Buddhism will have to change. In my view, science and Buddhism share a search for the truth and for understanding reality. By learning from science about aspects of reality where its understanding may be more advanced, I believe that Buddhism enriches its own worldview.