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Thinker · 70 quotes

Samuel Johnson quotes for UPSC

70 sourced quotes by Samuel Johnson on education & knowledge, happiness & meaning of life, economy, development & poverty, culture, art & literature, resilience & perseverance, with a use case for each in GS4, Essay and interviews.

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Hell is paved with good intentions.
— Samuel Johnson(14 April 1775)
Use itGS4: good intentions don't justify bad outcomes; means and consequences matter.
Wickedness is always easier than virtue; for it takes the short cut to everything.
— Samuel Johnson(17 September 1773)
Use itGS4: ethical path is harder; wrongdoing always offers shortcuts.
As it is necessary not to invite robbery by supineness, so it is our duty not to suppress tenderness by suspicion; it is better to suffer wrong than to do it, and happier to be sometimes cheated than not to trust.
— Samuel JohnsonNo. 79 (18 December 1750)
Use itGS4: better to suffer wrong than do it; trust over suspicion.
Integrity without knowledge is weak and useless, and knowledge without integrity is dangerous and dreadful.
Use itGS4: civil servant needs both competence and integrity; one without the other fails.
Gratitude is a fruit of great cultivation; you do not find it among gross people.
— Samuel Johnson(20 September 1773)
Use itGS4/Life: gratitude is a cultivated virtue reflecting refinement of character.
Ignorance in other men may be censured as idleness, in an academick it must be abhorred as treachery.
— Samuel Johnson"On the Character and Duty of an Academick", pub. 1793
Use itGS4: professional duty; ignorance in an expert is betrayal of role.
Courage is a quality so necessary for maintaining virtue that it is always respected, even when it is associated with vice.
— Samuel Johnson(June 1784) p. 526
Use itGS4: courage as the virtue that sustains all others.
Nothing ... will ever be attempted, if all possible objections must be first overcome.
Use itGS4/Essay: decisive action; waiting for zero objections means nothing gets done.
A thousand horrid Prodigies foretold it. A feeble government, eluded Laws, A factious Populace, luxurious Nobles, And all the maladies of stinking states.
— Samuel JohnsonThe Tragedy of Irene (1749), Act I, Sc. 1
Use itGS2: symptoms of a failing state—weak government, flouted laws, factionalism.
No oppression is so heavy or lasting as that which is inflicted by the perversion and exorbitance of legal authority.
— Samuel JohnsonNo. 148 (17 August 1751)
Use itGS2/GS4: abuse of legal authority is the worst oppression; misuse of laws.
If lawyers were to undertake no causes till they were sure they were just, a man might be precluded altogether from a trial of his claim, though, were it judicially examined, it might be found a very just claim.
— Samuel Johnson(15 August 1773)
Use itGS2/GS4: right to legal representation; justice decided by courts, not lawyers' prejudgement.
There are, in every age, new errors to be rectified, and new prejudices to be opposed.
— Samuel JohnsonNo. 86 (12 January 1751)
Use itEssay on social reform: every age has new prejudices to oppose.
Resolve to spend a certain number of hours every day amongst your books.
— Samuel JohnsonLetter to James Boswell (8 Dec 1763)
Use itLife: build a daily habit of fixed reading hours.
I never desire to converse with a man who has written more than he has read.
— Samuel JohnsonQuoted in the "Apophthegms, Sentiments, Opinions and Occasional Reflections" of Sir John Hawkins (1787-1789) in Johnsonian Miscellanies (189
Use itInterview/Life: read more than you write or speak.
A man ought to read just as inclination leads him; for what he reads as a task will do him little good.
— Samuel Johnson(14 July 1763) p. 121
Use itLife: read by interest; forced reading yields little.
Knowledge is of two kinds. We know a subject ourselves, or we know where we can find information upon it.
— Samuel Johnson(18 April 1775) p. 258
Use itEssay on information age: knowing where to find information is knowledge too.
Education & KnowledgeEssayInterview
The use of traveling is to regulate imagination by reality, and instead of thinking how things may be, to see them as they are.
Use itEssay on travel/field exposure: replacing imagination with reality; Bharat Darshan.
A desire for knowledge is the natural feeling of mankind; and every human being, whose mind is not debauched, will be willing to give all he has to get knowledge.
— Samuel JohnsonDr. Johnson's Table Talk (London: 1807), p. 64
Use itEssay on education: desire for knowledge is natural to humanity.
Liberty is, to the lowest rank of every nation, little more than the choice of working or starving.
— Samuel Johnson"The Bravery of the English Common Soldiers", in The British Magazine (January 1760)
Use itEssay: political liberty is hollow without economic security for the poorest.
By Numbers here from Shame or Censure free, All Crimes are safe, but hated Poverty. This, only this, the rigid Law persues, This, only this, provokes the snarling Muse.
— Samuel JohnsonLondon: A Poem (1738), lines 158–161
Use itEssay on criminalisation of poverty; law harsh on poor, lenient on powerful.
Resolve not to be poor: whatever you have, spend less. Poverty is a great enemy to human happiness; it certainly destroys liberty, and it makes some virtues impracticable, and others extremely difficult.
— Samuel JohnsonLetter to James Boswell, December 7, 1782, p. 494
Use itEssay on poverty: it destroys liberty and makes virtue difficult; spend less.
Among the calamities of war may be justly numbered the diminution of the love of truth, by the falsehoods which interest dictates and credulity encourages.
— Samuel JohnsonNo. 30 (11 November 1758)
Use itEssay on war: truth is the first casualty; propaganda and credulity.
Some claim a place in the list of patriots, by an acrimonious and unremitting opposition to the court. This mark is by no means infallible. Patriotism is not necessarily included in rebellion. A man may hate his king, yet not love his country.
— Samuel JohnsonThe Patriot (1774)
Use itEssay on patriotism: opposing the government is not the same as loving the country.
He is no wise man that will quit a certainty for an uncertainty.
Use itLife: weigh trading a certain gain for an uncertain one.
In order that all men may be taught to speak truth, it is necessary that all likewise should learn to hear it.
— Samuel JohnsonNo. 96 (16 February 1751)
Use itGS4: organisational culture must welcome truth for people to speak it.
It is more from carelessness about truth than from intentional lying, that there is so much falsehood in the world.
— Samuel JohnsonDr. Johnson's Table Talk (London: 1807), p. 67
Use itEssay on misinformation: carelessness spreads more falsehood than deliberate lies.
I know not whether more is to be dreaded from streets filled with soldiers accustomed to plunder, or from garrets filled with scribblers accustomed to lies.
— Samuel JohnsonNo. 30 (11 November 1758)
Use itEssay on fake news: lying writers can be as dangerous as plundering soldiers.
The only end of writing is to enable the readers better to enjoy life, or better to endure it.
— Samuel JohnsonA Review of Soame Jenyns' A Free Enquiry into the Nature and Origin of Evil, published in the first volume of Miscellaneous and Fugitive Pie
Use itEssay on purpose of literature: to enjoy life or to endure it.
Poetry is the art of uniting pleasure with truth, by calling imagination to the help of reason.
— Samuel JohnsonThe Life of Milton
Use itEssay on art: poetry unites pleasure and truth through imagination aiding reason.
Read over your compositions, and wherever you meet with a passage which you think is particularly fine, strike it out.
— Samuel JohnsonRecalling "what an old tutor of a college said to one of his pupils" (30 April 1773) p. 217
Use itLife: edit ruthlessly; cut passages you're most proud of in answer writing.
Many things difficult to design prove easy to performance.
— Samuel JohnsonCh. ??{incorrect chapter}
Use itLife: tasks look harder in planning than in execution; just start.
A man may be so much of every thing, that he is nothing of any thing.
Use itLife: spreading yourself too thin leaves mastery of nothing; focus.
It is seldom that we find either men or places such as we expect them. ... Yet it is necessary to hope, though hope should always be deluded, for hope itself is happiness, and its frustrations, however frequent, are yet less dreadful than its extinction.
Use itLife: keep hoping; hope itself is happiness despite disappointment.
It matters not how a man dies, but how he lives. The act of dying is not of importance, it lasts so short a time.
— Samuel Johnson(26 October 1769) p. 174
Use itEssay on meaningful life: how one lives matters, not how one dies.
To be happy at home is the ultimate result of all ambition, the end to which every enterprise and labour tends, and of which every desire prompts the prosecution.
— Samuel JohnsonNo. 68 (10 November 1750)
Use itEssay on success: domestic happiness as ambition's ultimate end.
The fountain of content must spring up in the mind, and he who hath so little knowledge of human nature as to seek happiness by changing anything but his own disposition, will waste his life in fruitless efforts and multiply the grief he proposes to remove.
Use itEssay on happiness: contentment comes from changing one's disposition, not circumstances.
How small of all that human hearts endure, That part which laws or kings can cause or cure! Still to ourselves in every place consigned, Our own felicity we make or find. With secret course, which no loud storms annoy, Glides the smooth current of domestic joy.
— Samuel JohnsonLines added to Goldsmith's Traveller
Use itEssay: limits of state—happiness lies largely within, beyond what laws or kings can do.
Pleasure is very seldom found where it is sought. Our brightest blazes of gladness are commonly kindled by unexpected sparks. The flowers which scatter their odours from time to time in the paths of life, grow up without culture from seeds scattered by chance. Nothing is more hopeless than a scheme of merriment.
Use itEssay on happiness: joy comes unexpectedly, rarely when chased.
Catch then, O! catch the transient hour, Improve each moment as it flies; Life's a short Summer — man a flower, He dies — alas! how soon he dies!
— Samuel JohnsonWinter, An Ode. The works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. (1787), p. 355
Use itLife: seize the fleeting moment; life is short.
Time & ChangeEssayLife
He that would pass the latter part of life with honour and decency, must, when he is young, consider that he shall one day be old; and remember, when he is old, that he has once been young.
— Samuel JohnsonNo. 50 (8 September 1750); often misattributed to Joseph Addison
Use itEssay on intergenerational respect: young should plan for age, old remember youth.
Almost all absurdity of conduct arises from the imitation of those whom we cannot resemble.
— Samuel JohnsonNo. 135 (2 July 1751)
Use itLife: folly of imitating others instead of being yourself.
The true, strong, and sound mind is the mind that can embrace equally great things and small.
Use itLife/GS4: a sound mind handles big strategy and small details equally.
Every man naturally persuades himself that he can keep his resolutions, nor is he convinced of his imbecility but by length of time and frequency of experiment.
— Samuel JohnsonPrayers and Meditations, No. 1770 (1785)
Use itLife: overconfidence in keeping resolutions; build systems not promises.
Abstinence is as easy to me as temperance would be difficult.
— Samuel JohnsonQuoted in Anecdotes of Johnson by Hannah More in Johnsonian Miscellanies (1897), vol. II, p. 197, edited by George Birkbeck Hill. More had q
Use itLife: total abstinence easier than moderation for some temptations.
While grief is fresh, every attempt to divert only irritates. You must wait till grief be digested, and then amusement will dissipate the remains of it.
— Samuel Johnson(10 April 1776) p. 305
Use itLife/GS4: let grief be processed before distraction; empathy with the bereaved.
To let friendship die away by negligence and silence, is certainly not wise. It is voluntarily to throw away one of the greatest comforts of this weary pilgrimage.
— Samuel JohnsonMarch 20, 1782
Use itLife: don't let friendships fade through neglect during busy phases.
If a man does not make new acquaintance as he advances through life, he will soon find himself left alone. A man, Sir, should keep his friendship in a constant repair.
Use itLife: keep making new friends and maintain old friendships actively.
Always, Sir, set a high value on spontaneous kindness. He whose inclination prompts him to cultivate your friendship of his own accord, will love you more than one whom you have been at pains to attach to you.
Use itLife: value people who befriend you spontaneously.
If you are idle, be not solitary; if you are solitary, be not idle.
— Samuel JohnsonLetter to James Boswell (27 October 1779) p. 433
Use itLife: guard mental health during solitary preparation—stay busy or stay connected.

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