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Thinker · 58 quotes

Mahatma Gandhi quotes for UPSC

58 sourced quotes by Mahatma Gandhi on peace, non-violence & conflict, ethics & morality, democracy & freedom, religion, tolerance & secularism, governance & administration, with a use case for each in GS4, Essay and interviews.

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In matters of conscience, the law of majority has no place.
— Mahatma GandhiYoung India (4 August 1920)
Use itGS4: conscience isn't decided by majority; on moral courage against popular opinion.
Non-cooperation with evil is as much a duty as is cooperation with good.
— Mahatma GandhiWritten statement in trial for sedition, March 1922
Use itGS4: refusing to cooperate with wrongdoing is a duty; whistleblowing and ethical refusal.
Any action that is dictated by fear or by coercion of any kind ceases to be moral.
— Mahatma GandhiEthical Religion, S. Ganesan, Madras (1922) p. 8
Use itGS4: morality requires free will; actions under fear or coercion aren't moral.
There is a higher court than courts of justice and that is the court of conscience. It supersedes all other courts.
— Mahatma GandhiYoung India (15 December 1921)
Use itGS4: conscience is a higher court than law; on law vs morality dilemmas.
The only real, dignified, human doctrine is the greatest good of all, and this can only be achieved by uttermost self-sacrifice.
— Mahatma GandhiAdapted from Hind Swaraj, 1909, Chapter 17: Summary, in The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, Vol. 10, pp. 83–84
Use itGS4 on Sarvodaya; greatest good of all through self-sacrifice, contrast with utilitarianism.
I do not believe in the doctrine of the greatest number. It means in its nakedness that in order to achieve the supposed good of 51 per cent the interests of 49 per cent may be, or rather, should be sacrificed. It is a heartless doctrine and has done harm to humanity.
— Mahatma GandhiThe Dairy of Mahadev Desai, (June 4, 1932) p. 149
Use itGS4 critique of utilitarianism; majority good can't justify sacrificing minority interests.
You assist an unjust administration most effectively by obeying its orders and decrees. An evil administration never deserves such allegiance. Allegiance to it means partaking of the evil. A good person will resist an evil system with his whole soul. Disobedience of the laws of an evil state is therefore a duty.
— Mahatma GandhiNon-Violent Resistance - Often misquoted as "You assist an evil system most effectively by obeying its orders and decrees. An evil system ne
Use itEssay on resisting unjust systems; obedience to evil administration is complicity.
My life is my message.
— Mahatma GandhiResponse to a journalist's question about what his message to the world was. Mahatma: Life of Gandhi 1869-1948 (1968) Reel 13
Use itGS4: leaders must practise what they preach—life itself as the message.
For one man cannot do right in one department of life whilst he is occupied in doing wrong in any other department. Life is one indivisible whole.
— Mahatma GandhiYoung India (27 January 1927)
Use itGS4 on private vs public morality; life is indivisible, integrity can't be compartmentalised.
The weak can never forgive. Forgiveness is the attribute of the strong.
— Mahatma Gandhi"Interview to the Press" in Karachi about the execution of Bhagat Singh (23 March 1931); published in Young India (2 April 1931), reprinted
Use itGS4: forgiveness is a sign of strength; on reconciliation and emotional maturity.
You must not lose faith in humanity. Humanity is an ocean; if a few drops of the ocean are dirty, the ocean does not become dirty.
— Mahatma GandhiHarijan, 10 August 1947, in The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, Vol. 89, p. 137
Use itLife: don't lose faith in humanity because of a few bad people.
When there is only a choice between cowardice and violence, I would advise violence… I would rather have India resort to arms in order to defend her honour than to remain a helpless witness to her own dishonour.
— Mahatma GandhiYoung India, 11 August 1920, in The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, Vol. 21, p. 133
Use itEssay on non-violence of the brave; Gandhi preferred resistance to cowardice.
A small body of determined spirits fired by an unquenchable faith in their mission can alter the course of history.
— Mahatma GandhiHarijan (19 November 1938) p. 343
Use itEssay on social change; a small determined group can alter history.
Man becomes great exactly in the degree in which he works for the welfare of his fellow-men. The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in the service of others.
— Mahatma GandhiYoung India, 5 March 1925, in The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, Vol. 31, p. 105
Use itGS4/Interview: why civil services—greatness lies in serving fellow beings.
The police... should never go on strike. Theirs was an essential service and they should render that service, irrespective of their pay. There were several other effective and honourable means of getting grievances redressed.
— Mahatma GandhiIn response to representatives of policemen who met him during a police strike in Gaya on March 24, 1947
Use itGS4 on essential services; police must serve regardless, seek redress by honourable means.
The ideally non-violent state will be an ordered anarchy. That State is the best governed which is governed the least.
— Mahatma GandhiFrom Discussion with BG Kher and others, 15 August 1940. Gandhi's Wisdom Box (1942), edited by Dewan Ram Parkash, p. 67 also in Collected wo
Use itGS2 on minimal state; the best governed state is governed the least.
Self-government means continuous effort to be independent of government control, whether it is foreign government or whether it is national. Swaraj government will be a sorry affair if people look up for the regulation of every detail of life.
— Mahatma GandhiYoung India (6 August 1925) p. 276
Use itGS2 on minimum government; self-reliant citizens shouldn't expect the state to regulate everything.
I suggest that, if India is to evolve along nonviolent lines, it will have to decentralize many things. Centralization cannot be sustained and defended without adequate force . . .Centralization as a system is inconsistent with non-violent structure of society.
— Mahatma GandhiYoung India (18 January 1942) p. 5
Use itGS2 on decentralisation; centralisation needs force, non-violent society needs devolution.
An unjust law is itself a species of violence. Arrest for its breach is more so.
— Mahatma GandhiFrom a letter to the Viceroy, 1930, published in The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, Vol. 49, p. 180
Use itGS4: an unjust law is itself violence; on law vs justice.
Under democracy individual liberty of opinion and action is jealously guarded.
— Mahatma GandhiYoung India (2 March 1922)
Use itGS2 intro on fundamental rights; democracy jealously guards individual liberty.
There is no such thing as slow freedom. Freedom is like a birth. Till we are fully free we are slaves.
— Mahatma GandhiYoung India (15 December 1921)
Use itEssay on freedom; partial freedom is still slavery—freedom must be complete.
To deprive a man of his natural liberty and to deny to him the ordinary amenities of life is worse than starving the body.
— Mahatma GandhiHarijan, 15 April 1933,also in The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, Vol. 52, p. 77
Use itGS2 on personal liberty/prisoner rights; denying liberty is worse than starving the body.
I hold the opinion firmly that Civil Disobedience is the purest type of constitutional agitation. Of course, it becomes degrading and despicable if its civil, i.e. non-violent character is a mere camouflage.
— Mahatma GandhiYoung India (15 December 1921)
Use itGS2/GS1 on protest rights; civil disobedience as constitutional agitation only if non-violent.
Freedom is not worth having if it does not connote freedom to err. It passes my comprehension how human beings, be they ever so experienced and able, can delight in depriving other human beings of that precious right.
— Mahatma GandhiYoung India (12 March 1931), p. 31
Use itEssay on liberty; freedom includes the freedom to make mistakes.
For me the only training in Swaraj we need is the ability to defend ourselves against the whole world and to live our natural life in perfect freedom, even though it may be full of defects. Good government is no substitute for self-government.
— Mahatma GandhiYoung India (2 September 1920) p. 1
Use itGS2 on decentralisation/Panchayati Raj; good government is no substitute for self-government.
If individual liberty goes, then surely all is lost, for, if the individual ceases to count, what is left of society? Individual freedom alone can make a man voluntarily surrender himself completely to the service of society. If it is wrested from him, he becomes automaton and society is ruined.
— Mahatma GandhiHarijan (1 February 1942) p. 27
Use itEssay on individual vs society; free individuals serve society voluntarily.
I am uncompromising in the matter of woman's rights. In my opinion she should labour under no legal disability not suffered by man, I should treat the daughters and sons on a footing of perfect equality.
— Mahatma GandhiMohandas Gandhi, 17th October 1929. Quoted in Gandhi: The Essential Writings. Judith M. Brown, Oxford University Press, 1998 (pp. 228-9). Al
Use itGS1 on women's empowerment; no legal disability for women, equality of sons and daughters.
God forbid that India should ever take to industrialism after the manner of the West. The economic imperialism of a single tiny island kingdom is today keeping the world in chains. If an entire nation of 300 million took to similar economic exploitation, it would strip the world bare.
— Mahatma Gandhi1928, as reported in Development Without Destruction: Economics of the Spinning Wheel, p. 97
Use itEssay on sustainable development; Western-style resource-intensive growth would strip the world bare.
In the dictionary of Satyagraha, there is no enemy.
— Mahatma GandhiNon-Violence in Peace and War (1948); also in Gandhi on Non-violence: Selected Texts from Mohandas K. Gandhi's Non-Violence in Peace and War
Use itGS4 on conflict resolution; Satyagraha sees opponents, not enemies.
It has always been easier to destroy than to create.
— Mahatma GandhiYoung India, 8 September 1921, in The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, Vol. 25, p. 224
Use itEssay on nation-building; destruction is easy, creation demands effort.
It is not possible to make a person or society non-violent by compulsion.
— Mahatma GandhiYoung India (13 September 1928). All Men Are Brothers: Autobiographical Reflections, compiled and edited by Krishna Kripalani, The Continuum
Use itEssay: values can't be imposed by force; non-violence must be voluntary.
Victory attained by violence is tantamount to a defeat, for it is momentary.
— Mahatma GandhiSatyagraha Leaflet No. 13 (3 May 1919)
Use itEssay/GS2 on conflict resolution; victories by violence are temporary defeats.
There are many causes that I am prepared to die for but no causes that I am prepared to kill for.
— Mahatma GandhiYoung India, 15 November 1920, in The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, Vol. 22, p. 169
Use itEssay on non-violence; willing to die for causes, never to kill for them.
Non-violence is the greatest force at the disposal of mankind. It is mightier than the mightiest weapon of destruction devised by the ingenuity of man.
— Mahatma GandhiHarijan, 5 July 1947, in The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, Vol. 87, p. 390
Use itEssay on non-violence; mightier than the mightiest weapon.
What difference does it make to the dead, the orphans, and the homeless, whether the mad destruction is wrought under the name of totalitarianism or the holy name of liberty and democracy?
— Mahatma GandhiNon-Violence in Peace and War, 1942, Vol. 1, Ch. 142
Use itEssay on war; victims suffer equally whatever ideology justifies destruction.
By its very nature, non-violence cannot ‘seize’ power, nor can that be its goal. But non-violence can do more; it can effectively control and guide power without capturing the machinery of government. That is its beauty.
— Mahatma GandhiYoung India (Feb. 7, 1931) p. 162
Use itEssay: non-violence guides power without seizing it—role of civil society.
My whole soul rebels against the idea that Hinduism and Islam represent two antagonistic cultures and doctrines.
— Mahatma GandhiHarijan, April 13, 1940, in The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, vol 71, p. 412
Use itGS1 on communal harmony; reject two-nation idea of antagonistic cultures.
We are our own slaves, not of the British. This should be engraved on our minds. The whites cannot remain if we do not want them. If the idea is to drive them out with firearms, let every Indian consider what precious little profit Europe has found in these.
— Mahatma GandhiIntroduction to the publication of Tolstoy's A Letter to a Hindu, Indian opinion, 25 December, (1909)
Use itEssay on self-reliance; real slavery is internal—freedom begins in our own minds.
Truth never damages a cause that is just.
— Mahatma GandhiHarijan, 9 December 1939, in The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, Vol. 70, p. 40
Use itGS4: truth never hurts a just cause—argue for transparency.
It is unwise to be too sure of one's own wisdom. It is healthy to be reminded that the strongest might weaken and the wisest might err.
— Mahatma GandhiHarijan (17 February 1940)
Use itGS4 on intellectual humility; even the wisest may err.
An error does not become truth by reason of multiplied propagation, nor does truth become error because nobody sees it. Truth stands, even if there be no public support. It is self sustained.
— Mahatma GandhiYoung India 1924-1926 (1927), p. 1285
Use itGS4/Essay on fake news; repetition doesn't make error true—truth needs no public support.
Satan's successes are the greatest when he appears with the name of God on his lips.
— Mahatma Gandhi"The Inwardness of Non-Co-operation". Quoted in Freedom's Battle: Being a Comprehensive Collection of Writings and Speeches (1922), p. 144
Use itEssay on communalism; evil is most dangerous when cloaked in religion.
For me the different religions are beautiful flowers from the same garden, or they are branches of the same majestic tree. Therefore they are equally true, though being received and interpreted through human instruments equally imperfect.
— Mahatma GandhiHarijan, 30-1-1937, p. 407; In: My God (1962), Chapter 13. Pathways of God, Printed and Published by: Jitendra T. Desai, Navajivan Mudranala
Use itEssay on Indian secularism; religions are flowers of one garden, equally true.
In reality there are as many religions as there are individuals.... Religions are different roads converging to the same point. What does it matter that we take different roads, so long as we reach the same goal. Wherein is the cause for quarreling?
— Mahatma GandhiHind Swaraj (1909)
Use itEssay on religious tolerance; religions are different roads to the same goal.
If one has no affection for a person or a system, one should feel free to give the fullest expression to his disaffection so long as he does not contemplate, promote, or incite violence.
— Mahatma GandhiStatement during his trial for "exciting disaffection toward His Majesty's Government as established by law in India" (18 March 1922)
Use itGS2 on sedition debate; dissent is legitimate unless it incites violence.
One of the objects of a newspaper is to understand popular feeling and to give expression to it; another is to arouse among the people certain desirable sentiments; and the third is fearlessly to expose popular defects.
— Mahatma GandhiSect. 1
Use itGS2/Essay on role of media; reflect opinion, shape good sentiment, expose social defects.
You may never know what results come of your actions. But if you do nothing, there will be no result.
— Mahatma GandhiSpeech at a prayer meeting, New Delhi, 1947; also in The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, Vol. 90, p. 55
Use itLife: act even without certainty of results; inaction guarantees nothing.
You may never be able to come back to the place you have left, nor can you undo the wrongs that you have done. But you can always begin again. You can cleanse the heart, you can remake your life, you can rebuild character.
— Mahatma GandhiHarijan, 7 January 1939, in The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, Vol. 68, p. 6
Use itLife: you can always begin again and rebuild character after mistakes.
A man is but the product of his thoughts. What he thinks, he becomes.
— Mahatma GandhiIn Ethical Religion, (Madras: S. Ganesan, 1922), p. 62, Scan from Harvard University Library (both only work with an U.S. source IP address)
Use itLife/Essay: you become what you think; on mindset and self-making.
We but mirror the world. All the tendencies present in the outer world are to be found in the world of our body. If we could change ourselves, the tendencies in the world would also change.
— Mahatma GandhiFrom an article on dealing with snake bites, published in Indian Opinion dated August 9th, 1913, in the Gujarti language edition, English tr
Use itEssay: change begins within; transforming ourselves transforms the world.
Remember that there is always a limit to self-indulgence but none to self-restraint, and let us daily progress in that direction.
— Mahatma GandhiArticle in Young India (2 February 1928, Volume 10, Page 35)
Use itGS4/Life: self-indulgence has limits, self-restraint has none—on discipline.
I have learnt through bitter experience the one supreme lesson to conserve my anger, and as heat conserved is transmuted into energy, even so our anger controlled can be transmuted into a power which can move the world.
— Mahatma GandhiYoung India (15 September 1920), reprinted in Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, Vol. 21 (electronic edition), p. 252
Use itGS4 on anger management; controlled anger becomes constructive power.
It is far easier and safer to prevent illness by the observance of the laws of health than to set about curing the illness which has been brought on by our own ignorance and carelessness. Hence it is the duty of all thoughtful men to understand aright the laws of health (Introduction)
— Mahatma GandhiA Guide to Health (1921)
Use itGS2 on preventive healthcare; prevention is easier and safer than cure.

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